MiNa Faculty Member

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Dr. John D.W. Madden

Lab: AMPEL/Brimacombe 341 Office: Kaiser 3042 Email: jmadden Lab web page: http://mm.ece.ubc.ca Faculty page: http://ece.ubc.ca/~jmadden Email: Education Ph.D. MIT 2000 (Mechanical Engineering, BioInstrumentation Laboratory) M.Eng. McGill 1995 (Biomedical Engineering) B.Sc. UBC 1991 (Honours Physics) Research Interests Artificial Muscle - Conducting polymers, carbon nanotubes, and ultra-strong metal nanofibres - Applied catheters. Energy Storage - Supercapacitors and batteries based on highly porous materials in collaboration with Epod Inc of Kelowna Solar Cells - Investigating the use of the proteins used in photosynthesis to generate electrical energy from light. Organic Electronics - Polymer transistors for printable circuits. Courses EECE 300 Molecules to Mechanisms EECE 301 Topics in Nanotechnology and Microsystems EECE 580 Emerging Electronic Materials Nanotechnology and Microsystems Option Coordinator

Group Members: Ashwin Usgaocar, Visiting / Post-Doc student Eddie Fok, Ph.D. student Ali Mahmoudzadeh, Ph.D. student Tissaphern Mirfakhrai, Ph.D. student vazi saiyed, Ph.D. student Tina shoa, Ph.D. student Arash Takshi, Ph.D. student Dansik Yoo, Ph.D. student Alexandros Dimopoulos, M.A.Sc. student Niloofar Fekri, M.A.Sc. student Bahar Iranpour, M.A.Sc. student Rahul Krishna-Prasad, M.A.Sc. student Joanna Lam, M.A.Sc. student Seyed Mohammad Mirvakili, M.A.Sc. student Umair Naseem Rana, M.A.Sc. student Alumni: Milad Mohammadi, B.A.Sc.

Research Projects

Protein-based Solar Cell	Plants capture photons very efficiently. Can we learn from them in making photovoltaic devices? We are investigating the use of photosynthetic protein complexes in solar cells, with the aim of creating very low cost solar cells.
Conducting polymer based active catheter	Contractile polymers are applied to the tips of neuro-vascular catheters in order to help them navigate through the complex blood vessels found in the brain.
Carbon Nanotube and Metal Nanowire Actuators	It is well known that carbon nanotubes and arrays of metal nanowires are ultra-strong. What is less well known is that voltage can be applied to make these materials contract and expand, creating impressive muscle like actuation. We are studying this new method of actuation and its initial applications.
Organic Transistors	Application of printing methods in producing organic transistors has promised low-cost electronics, but a printed transistor has a poor performance due to the thick semiconductor layer. Also, most of organic transistors operate at high voltages (> 40V). We are investigating two types of organic transistors, OMESFET and dual gate transistor, to overcome the voltage problem and enhance the performance in a thick film transistor.

Journal Publications

(Table View)

2012

Lee, Kenneth K. C., Herman, Peter R., Shoa, Tina, Madden, John D.W., "Microstructuring of Polypyrrole by Maskless Direct Femtosecond Laser Ablation", Advanced materials(Weinheim), vol. 24, issue 9, pp. 1243-1246, 03/2012. Tagged XML BibTex

Mohammadi, Abdolreza R., Graham, Tim C. M., Madden, John D. W., Bennington, C., "Toward a Flow Following Ionic Conductivity and Temperature Sensor Package", Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, vol. 51, issue 6, pp. 2738-2746, 02/2012. Tagged XML BibTex

2011

Mahmoudzadeh, A., Saer, R., Jun, D., Mirvakili, S. M., Takshi, A., Iranpour, B., Ouellet, E., Lagally, E. T., Madden, J. D. W., Beatty, J. T., "Photocurrent generation by direct electron transfer using photosynthetic reaction centres", SMART MATERIALS \& STRUCTURES, vol. 20, no. 9, SI, SEP. Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

Yoo, Dan Sik, Mahmoudzadeh, Ali, Fok, Eddie C. W., Walus, Konrad, Madden, John D. W., "Multiple time constant modelling of a printed conducting polymer electrode", ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA, vol. 56, no. 13, pp. 4711-4716, MAY 1. Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

Shoa, Tina, Yoo, Dan Sik, Walus, Konrad, Madden, John David W., "A Dynamic Electromechanical Model for Electrochemically Driven Conducting Polymer Actuators", IEEE-ASME TRANSACTIONS ON MECHATRONICS, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 42-49, FEB. Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

Mirfakhrai, Tissaphern, Oh, Jiyoung, Kozlov, Mikhail E., Fang, Shaoli, Zhang, Mei, Baughman, Ray H., Madden, John D. W., "Mechanoelectrical Force Sensors Using Twisted Yarns of Carbon Nanotubes", IEEE-ASME TRANSACTIONS ON MECHATRONICS, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 90-97, FEB. Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

Javad Foroughi, Geoffrey M. Spinks, Gordon G. Wallace, Jiyoung Oh, Mikhail E. Kozlov, Shaoli Fang, Tissaphern Mirfakhrai, John D. W. Madden, Min Kyoon Shin, Seon Jeong Kim, Ray H. Baughman, "Torsional carbon nanotube artificial muscles", Science, vol. 334, pp. 494-497, 10/2011. Tagged XML BibTex

Takshi, Arash, Madden, John D.W., "Study the effect of distribution of density of states on the subthreshold characteristics of an organic field-effect transistor (OFET)", Journal of Computational Electronics, vol. 10, issue 1-2, pp. 154-162, 06/2011. Tagged XML BibTex

Sarles, Stephen A., Madden, John D. W., Leo, Donald J., "Hair cell inspired mechanotransduction with a gel-supported, artificial lipid membrane", SOFT MATTER, vol. 7, no. 10, pp. 4644-4653, 2011  . Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

2010

Takshi, Arash, Madden, John D. W., Mahmoudzadeh, Ali, Saer, Rafael, Beatty, J. Thomas, "A Photovoltaic Device Using an Electrolyte Containing Photosynthetic Reaction Centers", ENERGIES, vol. 3, no. 11, pp. 1721-1727, NOV. Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

Lee, N. and Fekri, N. and Fok, E. and Yang, H. and Madden, J. D., Polypyrrole Coated Carbon Nanofibers for Supercapacitor Electrodes, : SAMPE, May. Tagged XML BibTex

Shoa, Tina and Madden, John D. W. and Munce, Nigel R. and Yang, Victor, "Analytical modeling of a conducting polymer-driven catheter", Polymer International, vol. 59, no. 3, Sp. Iss, {THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND}, {JOHN WILEY \& SONS LTD}, pp. 343-351, MAR. Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

Takshi, Arash, Madden, John D., "Multilayer Stretchable Conductors with a Large Tensile Strength", JOURNAL OF ELASTOMERS AND PLASTICS, vol. 42, no. 4, pp. 365-373, JUL. Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

T. Mirfakhrai, R. Krishna-Prasad, A. Nojeh, J. D. W. Madden, "Bond order effects in electromechanical actuation of armchair single-walled carbon nanotubes", Journal of Chemical Physics, vol. 132, pp. 074703-1 - 074703-6, 02/2010. Tagged XML BibTex

Shoa, T. and Mirfakhrai, T. and Madden, J. D. W., "Electro-stiffening in polypyrrole films: Dependence of Young's modulus on oxidation state, load and frequency", SYNtheTIC METALS, vol. 160, no. 11-12, pp. 1280--1286, 2010  . Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

Shoa, T. N. and Madden, J. D. W. and Mirfakhrai, T. and Alici, G. and Spinks, G. M. and Wallace, G. G., "Electromechanical coupling in polypyrrole sensors and actuators", Sensors and Actuators A-Physical, vol. 161, no. 1-2, pp. 127--133, 2010  . Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

Lee, K. C. and Herman, P.R. and Karimelahia, S. and Shoa, L.J. and Madden, J. D. and Yang, V. X. D., Exploration of Femtosecond Laser Micromachining for Polypyrrole Based Artificial Muscle Actuated Catheters, : SPIE Photonics, 2010  . Tagged XML BibTex

2009

Mirfakhrai, T. and Oh, J. Y. and Kozlov, M. and Fang, S. L. and Zhang, M. and Baughman, R. H. and Madden, J. D. W., "Carbon Nanotube Yarn Actuators: An Electrochemical Impedance Model", Journal of the Electrochemical Society, vol. 156, no. 6, pp. K97--K103, 2009  . Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

Tina Shoa and Nigel R. Munce and Victor Yang and John D. Madden, "Conducting polymer actuator driven catheter: overview and applications", Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Devices (EAPAD) 2009, vol. 7287, no. 1: SPIE, pp. 72871J, 2009  . Tagged XML BibTex

Takshi, A. and Madden, J. D. and Beatty, J. T., "Diffusion model for charge transfer from a photosynthetic reaction center to an electrode in a photovoltaic device", Electrochimica ACTA, vol. 54, no. 14, pp. 3806--3811, 2009  . Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

Tissaphern Mirfakhrai and Tina Shoa and Niloofar Fekri and John D. Madden, "Electrically-activated catheter using polypyrrole actuators: cycling effects", Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Devices (EAPAD) 2009, vol. 7287, no. 1: SPIE, pp. 72871I, 2009  . Tagged XML BibTex

Lee, K. K. C. and Munce, N. R. and Shoa, T. and Charron, L. G. and Wright, G. A. and Madden, J. D. and Yang, V. X. D., "Fabrication and characterization of laser-micromachined polypyrrole-based artificial muscle actuated catheters", Sensors and Actuators A-Physical, vol. 153, no. 2, pp. 230--236, 2009  . Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

Shoa, T. and Madden, J. D. and Fok, C. W. E. and Mirfakhrai, T., "Rate Limits in Conducting Polymers", Advances in science and technology, vol. 61, pp. 26--33, 2009  . Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

Madden, J. D. W., "Stiffer Than Steel", Science, vol. 323, no. 5921, pp. 1571--1572, 2009  . Tagged XML BibTex

2008

Takshi, A. and Dimopoulos, A. and Madden, J.D., "Simulation of a Low-Voltage Organic Transistor Compatible With Printing Methods", Electron Devices, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 276 -282, jan.. Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

Alici, G. and Spinks, G.M. and Madden, J.D. and Yanzhe Wu and Wallace, G.G., "Response Characterization of Electroactive Polymers as Mechanical Sensors", Mechatronics, IEEE/ASME Transactions on, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 187 -196, apr.. Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

A. Takshi, M. Mohammadi, and J. D. Madden, "Study the effect of distribution of density of states on the depletion width of organic Schottky contacts", Solid-State Electronics, pp. 5, 11/2008. Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

Tina Shoa, John D.W. Madden, Chi-Wah Eddie Fok, Tissaphern Mirfakhrai, "Rate limits in conducting polymers", Advances in Science and Technology, vol. 61: Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland, pp. 26-33, 09/2008. Tagged XML BibTex

Tissaphern Mirfakhrai, Rahul Krishna-Prasad, Nojeh, A. and Madden, J. D. W., "Electromechanical actuation of single-walled carbon nanotubes: an ab initio simulation study", Nanotechnology, vol. 19, 08/2008. Tagged XML BibTex

Mirfakhrai, T., Oh, J., Kozlov, M., Fok, E. C. W., Zhang, M., Fang, S., Baughman, R. H. and Madden, J. D., "Carbon Nanotube Yarns as High Load Actuators and Sensors", Advances in Science and Technology, vol. 61, pp. 65-74, 07/2008. Tagged XML BibTex

Mehrdad Bahrami-Samani, Christopher D. Cook, John D. Madden, Geoffrey M. Spinks, Philip G. Whitten, "Quartz Crystal Microbalance Study of volume changes and Modulus Shift in Electrochemically Switched Polypyrrole", Thin Solid Films, vol. 516, pp. 2800-2807, 03/2008. Tagged XML BibTex

Tissaphern Mirfakhrai and Mikhail Kozlov and Shaoli Fang and Mei Zhang and Ray H. Baughman and John D. Madden, "Carbon nanotube yarns: sensors, actuators, and current carriers", Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Devices (EAPAD) 2008, vol. 6927, no. 1: SPIE, pp. 692708, 2008  . Tagged XML BibTex

Takshi, A. and Dirnopoulos, A. and Madden, J. D., "Simulation of a dual gate organic transistor compatible with printing methods", Solid -State Electronics, vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 107--114, 2008  . Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

Stephen John and Gursel Alici and Geoffrey Spinks and John D. W. Madden and Gordon G. Wallace, "Sensor response of polypyrrole trilayer benders as a function of geometry", Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Devices (EAPAD) 2008, vol. 6927, no. 1: SPIE, pp. 692721, 2008  . Tagged XML BibTex

2007

Alici, G. and Spinks, G.M. and Madden, J.D.W. and Yanzhe Wu and Wallace, G.G., "An investigation into behaviour of electroactive polymers as mechanical sensors", Advanced intelligent mechatronics, 2007 IEEE/ASME international conference on, pp. 1 -6, sep.. Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

Tso, Chien-Hsin, Madden, John D., Michal, Carl A., "An NMR study of PF6- ions in polypyrrole", Synthetic Metals, vol. 157, no. 10-12, pp. 460-466, 2007  . Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

Anquetil, P. A., Madden, J. D., Yu, Hsiao-Hua, Swager, Timothy M., Hunter, I. W., "Biologically inspired large contraction actuators", Handbook of Organic Electronics and Photonics, Los Angeles, American Scientific, 2007  . Tagged XML BibTex

Madden, J.D., Rinderknecht, D., Anquetil, P.A., Hunter, I.W., "Creep and cycle life in polypyrrole actuators", Sens. Actuators A, Phys. (Switzerland), vol. 133, no. 1, pp. 210 - 17, 2007  . Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

Mirfakhrai, Tissaphern, Kozlov, Mikhail, Zhang, Mei, Fang, Shaoli, Baughman, Ray H., Madden, John D. W., "Capacitive charging and background processes in carbon nanotube yarn actuators", Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Devices (EAPAD) 2007, 1, vol. 6524, San Diego, California, USA, SPIE, pp. 65241H-12, 2007  . Tagged XML BibTex

Takshi, Arash, Dimopoulos, Alexandros, Madden, John D., "Depletion width measurement in an organic Schottky contact using a metal-semiconductor field-effect transistor", Applied Physics Letters, vol. 91, no. 8: AIP, pp. 083513-3, 2007  . Tagged XML BibTex

Yeh, P.-Y.J., Kizhakkedathu, J.N., Madden, J.D., Chiao, M., "Electric field and vibration-assisted nanomolecule desorption and anti-biofouling for biosensor applications", Colloids Surf. B, Biointerfaces (Netherlands), vol. 59, no. 1, pp. 67 - 73, 2007  . Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

Mirfakhrai, T., Oh, Jiyoung, Kozlov, M., Fok, E.C.W., Zhang, Mei, Fang, Shaoli, Baughman, R.H., Madden, J.D.W., "Electrochemical actuation of carbon nanotube yarns", Smart Mater. Struct. (UK), vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 243 - 9, 2007  . Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

Madden, J. D., Genereux, N., Shkuratoff, K. A., van der Star, A., Poon, D., Irwin, D., Cheng, P., Hsu, G., Filipozzi, L., "Electroactive polymer actuator online database", Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Devices (EAPAD) 2007, 1, vol. 6524, San Diego, California, USA, SPIE, pp. 65240P-7, 2007  . Tagged XML BibTex

Dimopoulos, Alexandros, Takshi, Arash, Madden, John D., "Low Voltage Polymer Transistors", Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2007. CCECE 2007. Canadian Conference on, pp. 956-958, 2007  . Tagged XML BibTex

Madden, John D., "Mobile Robots: Motor Challenges and Materials Solutions", Science, vol. 318, no. 5853, pp. 1094-1097, 2007  . Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

Mirfakhrai, T., Madden, J.D.W., Baughman, R.H., "Polymer artificial muscles", Mater. Today (Netherlands), vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 30 - 8, 2007  . Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

Shoa, Tina, Cole, Matthew, Munce, Nigel R., Yang, Victor, Madden, John D., "Polypyrrole operating voltage limits in aqueous sodium hexafluorophosphate", Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Devices (EAPAD) 2007, 1, vol. 6524, San Diego, California, USA, SPIE, pp. 652421-8, 2007  . Tagged XML BibTex

Wu,Yanzhe, Alici, Gursel, Madden, John D.W., Spinks, Geoffrey M., Wallace, Gordon G., "Soft mechanical sensors through reverse actuation in polypyrrole", Advanced Functional Materials, vol. 17, no. 16, pp. 3216-3222, 2007  . Tagged XML BibTex

2006

Warren, M.R., Madden, J.D., "A structural, electronic and electrochemical study of polypyrrole as a function of oxidation state", Synth. Met. (Switzerland), vol. 156, no. 9-10, pp. 724 - 30, 2006  . Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

Warren, M.R., Madden, J.D., "Electrochemical switching of conducting polymers: A variable resistance transmission line model", J. Electroanal. Chem. (Switzerland), vol. 590, no. 1, pp. 76 - 81, 2006  . Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

Madden, J. D. W., Barisci, J. N., Anquetil, P. A., Spinks, G. M., Wallace, G. G., Baughman, R. H., Hunter, I. W., "Fast carbon nanotube charging and actuation", Advanced materials(Weinheim), vol. 18, no. 7, pp. 870-873, 2006  . Tagged XML BibTex

Takshi, A., Madden, J.D., "Large apparent inductance in organic Schottky diodes at low frequency", J. Appl. Phys. (USA), vol. 99, no. 8, pp. 84503 - 1, 2006  . Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

Madden, J. D., "Materials Science - Artificial Muscle Begins to Breathe", Science, vol. 311, no. 5767, pp. 1559-1560, 2006  . Tagged XML BibTex

Cole, M., Madden, J.D., "The effect of temperature exposure on polypyrrole actuation", Electroresponsive Polymers and their Applications. Symposium (Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings Vol.889), Boston, MA, USA, pp. 105 - 10, 2006  . Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

2005

Madden, J.D., Izadi-Najafabadi, A., Tan, D.T.H., "Towards High Power Polypyrrole/Carbon Capacitors", Synth. Met. (Switzerland), vol. 152, no. 1-3, pp. 129 - 132, 2005  . Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

Warren, M.R., Madden, J. D., "A structural investigation of polypyrrole as a function of oxidation state", Materials Research Society Spring Meeting, vol. 871E, San Francisco, Materials Research Society, pp. I6.1 pp. 1-6, 2005  . Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

Takshi, A., Madden, J. D., Fok, C.W., Warren, M.R., "Time dependent parallel resistance in a Schottky contact", Materials Research Society Spring Meeting, vol. 871E, San Francisco, Materials Research Society, pp. I3.35 pp. 1-6, 2005  . Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

Madden, J.D., Filipozzi, L., "Web-based actuator selection tool", Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. (USA), vol. 5759, no. 1, San Diego, CA, USA, pp. 9 - 15, 2005  . Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

2004

Madden, J.D.W., Vandesteeg, N.A., Anquetil, P.A., Madden, P.G.A., Takshi, A., Pytel, R.Z., Lafontaine, S.R., Wieringa, P.A., Hunter, I.W., "Artificial muscle technology: physical principles and naval prospects", IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. (USA), vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 706 - 28, 2004  . Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

Madden, J.D.W., Schmid, B., Hechinger, M., Lafontaine, S.R., Madden, P.G.A., Hover, F.S., Kimball, R., Hunter, I.W., "Application of polypyrrole actuators: feasibility of variable camber foils", IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. (USA), vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 738 - 49, 2004  . Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

Madden, J.D., "Actuator selection for variable camber foils", Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. (USA), vol. 5385, no. 1, San Diego, CA, USA, pp. 442 - 8, 2004  . Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

Anquetil, P.A., Rinderknecht, D., Vandesteeg, N.A., Madden, J.D., Hunter, I.W., "Large strain actuation in polypyrrole actuators", Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. (USA), vol. 5385, no. 1, San Diego, CA, USA, pp. 380 - 7, 2004  . Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

Anquetil, Patrick A., Rinderknecht, Derek, Vandesteeg, Nathan A., Madden, John D., Hunter, Ian W., Large strain actuation in polypyrrole actuators, , vol. 5385, San Diego, CA, USA, SPIE, pp. 380-387, 2004  . Tagged XML BibTex

Madden, P. G. A., Madden, J. D. W., Anquetil, P. A., Vandesteeg, N. A., Hunter, I. W., "The relation of conducting polymer actuator material properties to performance", Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 696-705, 2004  . Tagged XML BibTex

2003

Madden, John D., Schmid, Bryan, Lafontaine, Serge R., Madden, Peter G. A., Hover, Franz S., McLetchie, Karl, Hunter, Ian W., "Conducting-polymer-driven actively shaped propellers and screws", Smart Structures and Materials 2003: Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Devices (EAPAD), 1, vol. 5051, San Diego, CA, USA, SPIE, pp. 437-441, 2003  . Tagged XML BibTex

Barisci, Joseph N., Spinks, Geoffrey M., Wallace, Gordon G., Madden, John D., Baughman, Ray H., Increased actuation rate of electromechanical carbon nanotube actuators using potential pulses with resistance compensation, , no. 4, pp. 549-555, 2003  . Tagged XML BibTex

Anquetil, P.A., Yu, Hsiao-hua, Madden, J.D., Swager, T.M., Hunter, I.W., "Recent advances in thiophene based molecular actuators", Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. (USA), vol. 5051, San Diego, CA, USA, pp. 42 - 53, 2003  . Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

Vandesteeg, N., Madden, P.G., Madden, J.D., Anquetil, P.A., Hunter, I.W., "Synthesis and characterization of EDOT-based conducting polymer actuators", Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. (USA), vol. 5051, San Diego, CA, USA, pp. 349 - 56, 2003  . Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

2002

Madden, John D., Madden, Peter G., Hunter, Ian W., "Conducting polymer actuators as engineering materials", Proceedings of SPIE, vol. 4695, Bellingham, WA, SPIE Press, pp. pp. 176-190, 2002  . Tagged XML BibTex

Madden, John D., Madden, Peter G., Anquetil, Patrick A., Hunter, Ian W., "Load and time dependence of displacement in a conducting polymer actuator", Materials Research Society Proceedings, vol. 698, no. EE4.3, pp. 137-144, 2002  . Tagged XML BibTex

Anquetil, Patrick A., Yu, Hsiao-Hua, Madden, John D., Madden, Peter G., Swager, Timothy M., Hunter, Ian W., "Thiophene-based conducting polymer molecular actuators", Proceedings of SPIE Smart Structures and Materials, vol. 4695, pp. 424-434, 2002  . Tagged XML BibTex

2001

Madden, P.G. and Madden, J.D. and Anquetil, P.A. and Yu, H. and Swager, T.M. and Hunter, I.W., "Conducting polymers as building blocks for biomimetic systems", Proc. 13th Symp. on Unmanned Untethered Submersible Technology, 2001  . Tagged XML BibTex

Madden, J.D.W., Madden, P.G.A., Hunter, I.W., "Polypyrrole actuators: modeling and performance", Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. (USA), vol. 4329, Newport Beach, CA, USA, pp. 72 - 83, 2001  . Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

2000

Madden, J.D., "Conducting Polymer Actuators", Mechanical Engineering, Cambridge, MA, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000  . Tagged XML BibTex

Madden, J.D., Cush, R.A., Kanigan, T.S., Hunter, I.W., "Fast contracting polypyrrole actuators", Synth. Met. (Switzerland), vol. 113, no. 1-2, pp. 185 - 92, 2000  . Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

1999

Madden, J.D., Cush, R.A., Kanigan, T.S., Brenan, C.J., Hunter, I.W., "Encapsulated polypyrrole actuators", Synth. Met. (Switzerland), vol. 105, no. 1, pp. 61 - 4, 1999  . Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

1996

Madden, J.D., Hunter, I.W., "Three-dimensional microfabrication by localized electrochemical deposition", J. Microelectromech. Syst. (USA), vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 24 - 32, 1996  . Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

1995

Madden, J.D., Lafontaine, S.R., Hunter, I.W., "Fabrication by electrodeposition: building 3D structures and polymer actuators", MHS'95. Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Micro Machine and Human Science (Cat. No.95TH8079), Nagoya, Japan, pp. 77 - 81, 1995  . Abstract Tagged XML BibTex

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